Synthesis and application of choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents in liquid-liquid and solid-liquid assisted extraction of organophosphorus flame retardants from landfill leachate and sediment

The extraction of organic pollutants from environmental samples using green solvents has received a lot interest recently. Simply said, this is due to their extremely low toxicity and volatility when compared the common solvents. Therefore, many exercises now include ionic solvents, as well more current deep eutectic (DES). Hence, study reports on 1) synthesis characterisation choline chloride/oxalic acid (1:1) chloride/urea (1:2) 2) application in liquid-liquid solid-liquid assisted 14 targeted OPFRs landfill leachate sediment samples. densities, refractive indices melting points DES measured were 1.11 ± 0.15 g/mL, 1.14 0.10 g/mL; 1.50 0.12, 1.45 0.20; 12 0.05°C, 35 0.06–55 0.05°C for respectively. Choline viscosities 87.0 0.20 kg·m −1·s −1 13.5 0.14 1H NMR FTIR confirmed structures two DES. Recoveries internal standards dTPP, dTBP, dTPrP 13C18MTPP ranged 59.9 7.41–103 5.32%; whereas percent recoveries CRM 85.7–117%. In (510–1433 ng/L) (725–1224 ng/g dw) each landfill, 13 OPFRs, respectively, detected. high demonstrated by imply that these could replace conventional used extract media.